Gynecologic Oncology

• Cervical Cancer
  Develops in the cervix (the lower part of the uterus). It remains one of the most common cancers among Indian women, though largely preventable with screening and vaccination.
• Ovarian Cancer
  Arises from ovarian tissue. It is often diagnosed at a later stage because early symptoms can be vague.
• Uterine Cancer
  Most commonly endometrial cancer, which begins in the lining of the uterus. A rare type called uterine sarcoma arises from muscle or connective tissue.
• Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD)
  A rare group of conditions involving abnormal growth of cells inside the uterus after conception.
• Vaginal Cancer
  A rare cancer that begins in the vaginal lining.
• Vulvar Cancer
  Typically affects postmenopausal women and involves the external genitalia.

Gynaecological cancers can be rare, whilst symptoms can be hard to detect. This is why it is important to know the risks and symptoms. Some of these include:

• Unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge (especially after menopause or between periods)
• Persistent bloating, feeling full quickly, abdominal or back pain (common in ovarian cancer)
• Pelvic pain or pressure
• Increased urinary frequency or constipation
• Burning, itching, skin thickening, sores, or color changes of the vulva

Any symptom lasting more than two weeks should not be ignored.

The diagnosis starts with a comprehensive medical history and a pelvic examination. Depending on the results, other investigations include:

• Pap smear test – To identify abnormal cells in the cervix.
• Biopsy – To confirm cancer by analyzing the sample under a microscope.
• Colposcopy – A magnified view of the cervix, vagina, or vulva.
• Imaging studies like CT, MRI, or PET scans to evaluate the size and extent of the tumor.

Early and accurate staging with the best gynaecologist oncologist in Navi Mumbai at UMC Hospitals helps determine the most appropriate treatment plan.

While not all cancers are preventable, certain measures reduce risk:

• Awareness of family history and considering genetic counselling when indicated
• Regular gynaecologic check-ups and screening tests
• HPV vaccination
• Maintaining a healthy weight and active lifestyle
• Prompt evaluation of abnormal symptoms

Early detection often allows treatment at a more curable stage.

Treatment depends on cancer type, stage, and overall health. Most women require a combination approach:

• Surgery – May include removal of the uterus (hysterectomy), ovaries, lymph nodes, or tumor debulking in ovarian cancer.
• Chemotherapy – Anti-cancer drugs given intravenously or orally.
• Radiation therapy – High-energy rays to destroy cancer cells.
• Minimally invasive and robotic-assisted procedures in selected cases.
• Heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in certain advanced abdominal cancers.

Our goal is not only to treat the disease but to preserve quality of life. UMC Hospitals is committed to providing the best gynaecologic oncology treatment in Navi Mumbai with timely diagnosis, multidisciplinary care, and informed decision-making.