An enlarged prostate, medically known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common age-related condition seen in men above 40 years. It refers to the non-cancerous increase in the size of the prostate gland. The prostate lies just below the bladder and surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body. As the gland enlarges, it can compress the urethra and interfere with normal urinary flow. While BPH is not cancer and does not increase the risk of prostate cancer, it can significantly affect quality of life if symptoms are ignored.
The prostate normally grows slowly throughout a man’s life. In many men, especially after the age of 50–60 years, this growth becomes prominent enough to cause urinary symptoms. By age 60, nearly one-third of men experience moderate symptoms, and by age 80, about half report bothersome urinary complaints.
This enlargement primarily occurs in the transitional zone of the prostate, which surrounds the urethra, explaining the urinary disturbances.
Most symptoms are associated with the passage of urine. Patients usually complain of:
In the advanced phase, patients may complain of urinary retention, urinary tract infections, or hematuria (blood in urine).
The exact cause of prostate enlargement is not fully understood. Hormonal changes that occur with ageing, particularly involving testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, are believed to play a major role.
Certain factors increase risk:
BPH is broadly classified into four stages:
Early evaluation helps prevent progression to advanced stages.
Diagnosis is largely clinical, based on symptoms and physical examination, including a digital rectal examination. Additional tests may include:
These help rule out other conditions such as urinary tract infection, bladder stones, urethral stricture, or prostate cancer.
Treatment depends on symptom severity and patient preference.
Lifestyle Modifications
For mild symptoms, simple changes may help:
Medications
Urologists prescribe appropriate medications such as antibiotics, hormonal medications or alpha-1 blockers to relax prostate muscles.
Surgical Options
When medications are ineffective or complications arise, minimally invasive or surgical procedures may be advised to relieve obstruction. Consult our team at the Department of Urology at UMC hospitals to learn more about prostate surgery in Navi Mumbai.
At UMC Hospitals, evaluation of an enlarged prostate is approached with clinical precision and patient-centred counselling. Our urology team focuses on early diagnosis, individualized treatment planning, and long-term monitoring to preserve bladder and kidney health. Patients are guided through every stage of care with clarity and transparency. An enlarged prostate is a manageable condition. With timely consultation and appropriate urology treatment in Navi Mumbai at UMC Hospitals, most men experience significant relief and maintain a good quality of life.
Group Member of 
