Bone cancer

Bone cancer

Bone cancer is a rare, malignant tumor that originates in bone tissue (primary) or spreads to the bone from elsewhere (secondary/metastatic), causing cells to grow uncontrollably, weakening bones and destroying tissue. It often causes persistent, deep bone pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Bone cancer itself is uncommon. In fact, it accounts for less than 1% of all cancers we see. Still, because it often affects younger individuals, teenagers with pain near the distal femur or proximal tibia, it tends to create a lot of anxiety in families.

Types of Bone Cancer

In simple terms, bone cancer means a tumour that starts in the bone. This is different from cancers like breast or lung that spread to the bone later. Those are more common, but biologically very different.

Broadly, we see two categories in practice:

  • Primary bone tumours - originating from bone cells
  • Metastatic tumours - spread from other organs

Among primary cancers, a few patterns are quite typical:

  • Osteosarcoma - often seen in adolescents, usually around the knee joint (distal femur, proximal tibia)
  • Chondrosarcoma - more common after 40, often involving the pelvis or shoulder girdle
  • Ewing sarcoma - affects children and young adults, sometimes involving the shaft of long bones or pelvis

Common Symptoms of Bone Cancer

Pain is the most common complaint. Other common symptoms include:

  • A deep, dull ache that doesn't settle with rest
  • Pain worsening at night
  • Swelling that gradually becomes visible, sometimes 3-5 cm or more over weeks
  • Tenderness over a specific bony point, like just above the knee joint

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, reach out to doctors at UMC Hospitals for cancer specialty hospital in Navi Mumbai.

We never rely on symptoms alone. The process usually starts with an X-ray, which may show an abnormal area, sometimes described as a “sunburst pattern” or irregular bone destruction. But that’s just the beginning. We typically follow with:

  • MRI - to understand soft tissue involvement and tumour extent (for example, whether it extends beyond the cortex by a few millimetres or several centimetres)
  • CT scan / PET scan – to check spread, especially to the lungs

And then comes the most critical step, the biopsy. A biopsy is not just a formality. It helps identify the exact type of tumour, how aggressive it appears, and whether chemotherapy is likely to help

Bone cancer treatment is multi-modal. It includes:

  • Surgery – Removing the tumor and some surrounding healthy tissue
  • Chemotherapy – Using drugs to destroy cancer cells
  • Radiation therapy – High-energy beams to destroy cancer cells
  • Targeted therapy & immunotherapy – Advanced treatments for effective care

We are committed to providing comprehensive bone cancer treatment at UMC Hospitals, Navi Mumbai, using advanced diagnostics, multidisciplinary expertise, and patient-centric care pathways. It includes:

  • Carefully reviewing imaging (X-rays, MRI, CT scans) and biopsy reports with the patient and family
  • Explaining the type of bone tumour, stage, and what it practically means for treatment and recovery
  • Discussing limb-salvage options versus other surgical approaches, wherever applicable
  • Planning treatment in coordination with orthopaedic oncologists, medical oncologists, radiation specialists, and physiotherapists

We often reassure patients that many bone cancers, especially when detected early, can be treated effectively with limb-preserving techniques. Consult oncologists at UMC Hospitals for the best bone cancer treatment in Navi Mumbai.